Computer Overview – A computer is an electronic device that can perform a variety of operations in accordance with a set of instructions called a program. Computers can access and process data millions of times faster than humans can. A computer can store data and information in its memory, process them and produce the desired results.
Functional components of a computer Overview
Input Unit:- The input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer. Examples of input devices and media are a keyboard, mouse, magnetic ink character reader(MICR), optical mark reader(OMR), joystick, etc.
The input unit is responsible for taking input and converting it into computer-understandable form (the binary code).
Central Processing Unit (CPU):- The CPU is the control center for a computer. It guides direct and governs its performance. It is the brain of the computer. The CPU has two components that are responsible for different functions.
Arithmetic logical unit(ALU) :- The ALU
performs all the four arithmetic (+, -, ×, ÷)
and some logical (<, >, =, <=, >=) operations.
Control Unit (CU):- The CU controls and
guides the interpretation, flow and
manipulation of all data and information. The
CU sends a control signal until the required
operations are done properly by ALU and
memory.
Output Unit:- The output unit is formed by the output devices attached to the computer. The output coming from the CPU is in the form of electronic binary signal which needs conversion in some form which can easily understand by human beings.